Engine 8 — Basis Scanner

Futures Basis Analytics

Every futures contract carries an implicit financing rate. Engine 8 scans 19 futures/ETF pairs across four asset classes and signals when that rate is unusually rich or cheap relative to SOFR and its own history. Signals only — no positions taken.

What is Basis?

The basis is the price difference between a futures contract and its underlying spot asset (or ETF proxy). In normal markets, futures trade at a premium to spot — this premium reflects the cost of carry: financing rate, storage costs, and dividends.

Basis = Futures Price - Spot Price

When the actual basis exceeds the theoretical fair value (determined by SOFR + storage - dividends), the futures are rich. When below, they are cheap. These mispricings create cash-and-carry arbitrage opportunities for institutional traders and valuable signals for everyone else.

The 19-Pair Universe

Engine 8 scans across four asset classes, covering the most liquid futures/ETF pairs available on IBKR:

Equity Indices

  • ES / SPY (S&P 500)
  • NQ / QQQ (Nasdaq 100)
  • YM / DIA (Dow 30)
  • RTY / IWM (Russell 2000)

Commodities

  • GC / GLD (Gold)
  • SI / SLV (Silver)
  • CL / USO (Crude Oil)
  • NG / UNG (Natural Gas)
  • HG / CPER (Copper)

Treasuries

  • ZB / TLT (30-Year)
  • ZN / IEF (10-Year)
  • ZF / IEI (5-Year)
  • ZT / SHY (2-Year)

Currencies

  • 6E / FXE (Euro)
  • 6J / FXY (Yen)
  • 6A / FXA (AUD)
  • 6B / FXB (GBP)
  • 6C / FXC (CAD)

Signal Metrics

For each pair, every scan cycle computes:

MetricWhat It Tells You
Annualized Basis (%)The carry yield if you held the basis trade to expiry
SOFR Spread (bps)How much the implied financing exceeds the risk-free rate
Basis Percentile (0-100)Where the current basis ranks vs. 90-day history
Term StructureCONTANGO (normal) / BACKWARDATION (inverted) / FLAT
DTEDays to futures expiry — roll warning at 7 days

Signal Triggers

Rich Futures (Percentile > 80)

Futures are expensive relative to history. Cash-and-carry opportunity: short futures + buy ETF. The SOFR spread is elevated, meaning you earn above-market implied financing.

Cheap Futures (Percentile < 20)

Futures are cheap relative to history. Reverse cash-and-carry opportunity: buy futures + short ETF. Often signals funding stress or year-end balance sheet effects.

Term Structure Flip

A shift from contango to backwardation (or vice versa) signals a structural change in supply/demand dynamics. Particularly significant for commodities.

Roll Window

When DTE falls below 7 days, the signal flags that contract roll is imminent. IBKR calendar spread orders provide atomic execution for rolling positions.

IBKR-Optimised Execution

While Engine 8 is signals-only, every signal includes execution guidance for subscribers who wish to trade the basis:

  • Calendar spread orders for atomic contract rolls (close expiring + open next month in one order)
  • Micro futures (MES, MNQ, MGC, MCL) for capital-efficient execution
  • E2 conflict warnings when the basis signal overlaps with a directionally-traded instrument in Engine 2

Academic Foundation

The S&P 500 implied financing spread averaged 0.3% over SOFR from 2021-2023 but peaked at 1.4% in December 2024 (CME Group, D.E. Shaw Research). The Federal Reserve and CFTC document Treasury basis trades at $260-574B notional. Macrosynergy (2024) validates commodity carry as a standalone trading signal.

These are well-documented, structurally-driven signals — not alpha that decays with crowding. The basis reflects real financing costs, balance sheet constraints, and physical supply/demand.

Disclaimer

GateSig is an information-only service. Engine 8 generates analytical signals about futures basis conditions. No positions are taken, no trades are executed, and no investment advice is provided. Subscribers receive signals; they decide what to do with them.